A Framework for Understanding Poverty by Ruby K. Payne, Ph.D.
  • Title Page
  • Introduction
  • Definitions and Resources
    • Help for Teachers
  • The Role of Language and Story
  • Hidden Rules Among Classes
    • How do you score?
  • Characteristics of Poverty
    • Definition
    • Attitude
    • Poverty Cultural Student Inventory
  • Models and Emotional Resources
    • Emotional Resources
    • How do we do this at school?
  • Support Systems
    • Systems of Support
    • Support Systems at School
  • Creating Relationships
    • Motivation to Learn & Change
    • Relationship Bank Account
  • Discipline
    • Definitions
    • Language of Negotiation
    • What Can Schools Do?
  • Instruction and Improving Achievement
    • Focus on Learning
    • Cognitive Strategies
    • What Can Schools Do?>
      • Artifact Analysis
  • Conclusion

Focus on Learning

Traditional understandings of intelligence, such as IQ tests, rely on a notions of middle class intelligence. Using measures such as this do not accurately reflect the intelligence of students from generational poverty. A huge part of intelligence is the inter-generational transfer of knowledge and skills. Students from generation poverty learn a different set of knowledge and skills compared to students from middle class families. 


Intelligence is developed through teaching and learning.

         Teaching is what occurs outside of the head.

          Learning is what occurs inside the head.


Students from generational poverty begin school with a different set of knowledge than middle class students. Relegating these students to special education or Title 1 programs is not a solution. Instead students need to be taught not only the concepts they need to be successful in school, but also the cognitive strategies that will give them the ability to handle new information in an organized way.


 
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